Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C).
Cook pasta or rice according to package directions; drain and set aside.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat.
Add diced onion and bell pepper; sauté 4–5 minutes until softened.
Stir in garlic and mushrooms; cook 1–2 minutes until fragrant.
Add ground beef, break up with a spoon, and cook until browned and no longer pink.
Drain excess fat if needed, then season with oregano, basil, smoked paprika, salt and pepper.
Stir in diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, and optional peas or corn; simmer 5 minutes to meld flavors.
Combine cooked pasta/rice with the beef-tomato mixture and transfer to a greased baking dish.
Top evenly with shredded mozzarella and sprinkle Parmesan over the surface.
Bake uncovered 15–20 minutes until cheese is melted and bubbly; broil 1–2 minutes for a golden top if desired.
Let rest 5–10 minutes, garnish with chopped parsley or basil, then serve.